Symptoms of chronic kidney failure

Clinical symptoms of renal failure:
The spirit of a mental nervous system: the performance of malaise, dizziness, headache, memory loss, insomnia, limb numbness and itching-like "restless legs" syndrome, and may have abnormal sense of smell, and dysuria, severe cases coma .
Digestive system: the performance of anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, mouth Niaowei, such as gastrointestinal bleeding.
Hematopoietic system: the performance of severe anemia, late the organ bleeding tendency.
Cardiovascular system: often high blood pressure, heart failure, heart palpitations, shortness of breath can not supine, cardiac arrhythmia, severe pericardial effusion, or even cardiac tamponade.
Skin manifestations: dry, scaly, dull, and may have hyperpigmentation caused by darker skin, itchy skin, can also be edema, and skin infections.
6. Respiratory system: gas exhaled urine, metabolic acidosis respiratory.
Metabolic disorders: water, electrolyte and acid-base balance, can cause edema or dehydration, tetany.
Skeletal system: renal osteodystrophy, the performance of bone and joint pain.
9 immune systems: easy to secondary infections such as bronchitis, pneumonia, pleurisy, skin boils, swelling, urinary tract infections.
Second, renal failure at different times have different symptoms, different performance:
The start of a failure, renal failure symptoms. This period, patients often suffer some of the ATN, known etiology, such as hypotension, ischemia, sepsis and renal toxins. Renal parenchymal damage but has not yet occurred. At this stage of acute renal failure is preventable. But with the tubular epithelium was damaged, the GFR, a sudden drop in renal failure in the clinical symptoms became apparent, then enter the maintenance phase.
2, symptoms of renal failure in the maintenance phase. Also known as oliguria. Typical for 7-14 days under special circumstances can be as short as a few days and as long as 4-6 weeks. Glomerular rate remained at a low level. Many patients, there may be oliguria (<40Oml / d), but some patients had no oliguria, urine output more than 400ml / d, known as non-oliguric acute renal failure, the condition most of the lighter, better prognosis. However, regardless of the amount of urine whether reduced renal dysfunction, clinical symptoms can be a series of renal failure. Infection is another common and serious complications of acute renal failure. Acute renal failure at the same time or in the development of the disease process can also merge multiple organ failure, patient mortality can be as high as 70%.
3, symptoms of kidney failure recovery. The symptoms of renal failure is renal tubular cell regeneration and repair of tubular integrity recovery. Glomerular filtration rate gradually returned to normal or near normal range. Oliguric patients began to appear diuretic, how much urine the performance of daily urine output up to 3000-5000ml or more. Usually lasts 1-3 weeks, then back to normal. Compared with the glomerular filtration rate, the recovery of the glomerular epithelial cell function (solute and water reabsorption) is relatively delayed, and often take several months after recovery. The small number of patients may be the ultimate legacy varying degrees of renal structural and functional defects.F