Maybe you have already known that the Acute Renal Failure (ARF) can be divided into three stages, say, the Stage of Oliguria, Diuresis and Recovery. If you are newly diagnosed with this disease, it may possibly in the stage of Oliguria. To know Oliguria, we should firstly have some knowledge of urine. For normal people, the urine volume in a day (24h) is 1500-2000ml. When the urine volume is less than 400ml/d (or 17ml/h), it can be called Oliguria, and when less than 100ml/d (or 4ml/h), Anuria.
How can you know which stage you are in? Now let's have a look at the clinical manifestations of Acute Renal Failure.
1. Oliguria always appears after the precursory signs and will last for 2-4 weeks.
2. You may have a series of malaise such as poorer appetite, nausea, vomit, diarrhea, hiccup, dizziness, headache, short breath and even spasm and coma.
3. You will have Metabolic Acidosis, which is caused by the accumulation of metabolic wastes in your body; the value of serum creatinine (SCr) and Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) will rise as well.
4. Disordered electrolyte appears, including hyperkalemia, low serum sodium, high serum phosphate and hypocalcemia, etc. In some cases even the cardiac arrest may appear.
5. Excessive water will remain in human body, so encephaledema or pneumonedema may appear.
In the Acute Renal Failure, renal function decreases progressively and the damages on kidney is deteriorate rather quickly, so there will be various complications during the process. Some common ones are introduced here for your reference.
